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src="https://img59.chem17.com/9/20170515/636304370980116481830.jpg" style="height:426px; width:640px"/></p><p><span style="color:rgb(255, 0, 0); font-family:宋體; font-size:15pt">變頻器</span><span style="color:rgb(255, 0, 0); font-family:????; font-size:15pt">維修實(shí)用方法</span></p><p><span style="color:rgb(255, 0, 0); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">一、直觀(guān)法</span></p><p><strong><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">a.</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">描述</span></strong></p><p><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:12px"> </span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">直觀(guān)法是通過(guò)人的眼睛或其它感覺(jué)器官去發(fā)現故障、排除故障的一種檢修方法。</span></p><p><strong><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">b.</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">應用</span></strong></p><p><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:12px"> </span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">通過(guò)觀(guān)察或用手觸摸機器或電路板及是否有明顯損壞。</span></p><p><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">如：觀(guān)察有無(wú)明顯炸黑現象，電容爆了，線(xiàn)材脫落，器件變形、燒損及外觀(guān)損壞等。用手觸摸電容是否有鼓包現象，感受元器件是否有異常發(fā)熱現象等。</span></p><p><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt"><br/></span></p><p><span style="color:rgb(255, 0, 0); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">二、電阻法</span></p><p><strong><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">a.</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">描述</span></strong></p><p><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:12px"> </span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">電阻法是利用萬(wàn)用表歐姆檔測量電器的集成電路、晶體管各腳和各單元電路的對地電阻值，以及各元器件自身的電阻值來(lái)判斷故障的一種檢修方法。</span></p><p><strong><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">b.</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">應用</span></strong></p><p><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:12px"> </span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">用萬(wàn)用表在被測物未帶電的狀態(tài)下測量其電阻值。如：測試主控板</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">5V</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">與</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">GND</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">的阻抗是否偏小，判斷是否有短路現象。電容阻抗是否偏小，引起信號短路，電阻阻值是否偏大影響電源分壓及信號衰減等。</span></p><p><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt"><br/></span></p><p><span style="color:rgb(255, 0, 0); font-family:????; font-size:9pt">三、電壓法</span></p><p><strong><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">a.</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">描述</span></strong></p><p><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:12px"> </span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">電壓法是通過(guò)測量電子線(xiàn)路或元器件的工作電壓并與正常值進(jìn)行比較來(lái)判斷故障的一種檢測方法。</span></p><p><strong><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">b.</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">應用</span></strong></p><p><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:12px"> </span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">通過(guò)萬(wàn)用表或示波器測量某節點(diǎn)的電壓。如：測量</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">CVD</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">到</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">CPU</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">檢測口的電壓判斷母線(xiàn)電壓。測量</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">OC</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">、</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">OU</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">、</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">IV</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">、</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">SHORT</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">、</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">FAN</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">、</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">DRIVE</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">等信號的電壓狀況查看分析故障源。測量開(kāi)關(guān)電源輸出電壓判斷開(kāi)關(guān)電源工作是否工作正常。</span></p><p><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt"><br/></span></p><p><span style="color:rgb(255, 0, 0); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">四、短路法</span></p><p><strong><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">a.</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">描述</span></strong></p><p><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:12px"> </span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">短路法是通過(guò)短接器件或將信號接入某個(gè)節點(diǎn)，使其達到某種工作的狀態(tài)，以此判斷故障出現的范圍，即信號注入法，是用來(lái)判斷和縮小故障范圍的一種故障檢測方法。</span></p><p><strong><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">b.</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">應用</span></strong></p><p><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:12px"> </span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">用錫線(xiàn)、導線(xiàn)、鑷子等導體短接信號。如：短接光耦</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">181</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">的</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">3</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">、</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">4</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">腳測量多功能端子在光耦工作后，主控板是否有響應來(lái)判斷是光耦前端還是后端電路故障。短接電流檢測信號</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">IU</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">與</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">5V</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">，查看檢測回路是否正常在比較器輸入端短接一個(gè)電源，查看比較器輸出，判斷元件能否正常工作。</span></p><p><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt"><br/></span></p><p><span style="color:rgb(255, 0, 0); font-family:????; font-size:9pt">五、斷路法</span></p><p><strong><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">a.</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">描述</span></strong></p><p><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:12px"> </span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">斷路法是通過(guò)斷開(kāi)某一電路或焊開(kāi)某一元件、接線(xiàn)來(lái)壓縮故障范圍。是用來(lái)縮小故障范圍及判斷元器件是否失效的一種檢測方法。</span></p><p><strong><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">b.</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">應用</span></strong></p><p><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:12px"> </span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">用烙鐵焊開(kāi)元器件或用刀片割開(kāi)銅皮。如：焊開(kāi)比較器輸出腳，單獨測量其電壓，查看是否正常焊開(kāi)</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">CPU</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">電壓檢測腳，測其電壓，查看是否正常割斷故障檢測銅皮，查看是否仍然報故障。</span></p><p><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt"><br/></span></p><p><span style="color:rgb(255, 0, 0); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">六、替換法</span></p><p><strong><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">a.</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">描述</span></strong></p><p><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:12px"> </span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">替換法是用規格相同、性能良好的元器件或電路，代替故障電器上某個(gè)被懷疑而又不便測量的元器件或電路，從而來(lái)縮小故障范圍及判斷故障的一種檢測方法。</span></p><p><strong><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">b.</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">應用</span></strong></p><p><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:12px"> </span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">用同型號的新元件去跟換電路板上的元件。如：起振板工作電壓不穩定，更換起振板查看是否能夠正常工作。更換主控板或電源板，查看是否能夠正常工作，縮小故障范圍。更換</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">CPU</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">，查看主控板是否能夠正常工作。</span></p><p><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt"><br/></span></p><p><span style="color:rgb(255, 0, 0); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">七、對比法</span></p><p><strong><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">a.</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">描述</span></strong></p><p><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:12px"> </span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">通過(guò)相同型號正常機器的電壓、波形等參數與故障機器比較，找出故障部位。此法對不知道信號類(lèi)型、信號類(lèi)型較為復雜和沒(méi)有電路圖時(shí)判斷故障有顯著(zhù)的效果。</span></p><p><strong><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">b.</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">應用</span></strong></p><p><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:12px"> </span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">用示波器或萬(wàn)用表分別測試故障板與同型號正常板的信號或參數。如：用萬(wàn)用表對比兩塊主控板</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">5V</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">與</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">GND</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">的壓降查看是否存在故障。用示波器對比</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:calibri; font-size:9pt">CPU</span><span style="color:rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family:宋體; font-size:9pt">輸出信號，看出信號是否一致。用示波器對比鍵盤(pán)按鍵動(dòng)作后，其輸入到主控板的信號。</span></p><p><br/></p><p><br/></p> </div> <div id="suumq2i" class="art-next"> <dl class="shangxia"> <dd>上一篇：沒(méi)有了 </dd> <dd>下一篇：<a 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